In some occasions, our bodies produces too many cells in an uncontrolled manner or old cells do not die when they should. The tissue mass formed by uncontrolled growth of those abnormal cells is called tumor.
Oncology is the medical discipline that studies tumors. This term is a phrase that is a Latin noun phrase, Oncos(swelling) and logos(science).
Cancer begins through a series of very complex mechanisms. Recently, cancer is recognized as a genetic disease. This implies that cancer can no means develop unless genetic changes occur in a healthy cell. Development of cancer is a result of sequential carcinogenic effects. Each disorder that is responsible for occurrence of cancer can be corrected by various defense mechanisms. Moreover, our immune system plays an effective role in identifying and eliminating such disorders. Yet, cancer may begin despite all those mechanisms. Primary causative factors include dysfunction of immune mechanisms and failures or insufficiencies in immune system. In conclusion, cancerous cells may find opportunity to grow abnormally and the clinical picture, called cancer, emerges.
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